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Thermal Ultrsound- Continuous sound waves absorbed by the body that can reduce or control pain & muscle spasms, increase circulation and soft tissue flexibility.
Non-thermal Ultrasound- Pulsed sound waves absorbed by the body to accelerate tissue healing, and promote the reduction of tissue inflammation.
Phonophoresis- Localized delivery of medication into the body through the skin by using ultrasound.
Interferential Electric Stimulation- Two independent channels of electrical current crossing each other to ease deep tissue pain.
Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS)- Mild electrical current in low frequencies applied to relieve stiffness and pain.
Neuromuscular Electric Stimulation/Russain Stimulation- Medium to high electric currents used to activate specific muscle groups.
Microcurrent Electric Stimulation- Low level current used to relieve pain, increase wound healing and regeneration of tissue.
Iontophoresis- Localized delivery of medication into the body through the skin by using electric current.
Laser- Also known as light therapy or cold laser. Low levels of infrared light are used to increase collagen production, cell growth, and tendon strength while accelerating energy production, the inflammatory process, and decreasing pain.
Biofeedback/Surface EMG- Measures muscle activity both at rest and while contracting through electrodes placed on the skin.
Kinesio Tape- Elastic, latex-free tape lasting 3-5 days that may re-educate the neuromuscular system, reduce pain, promote healing, promote lymph flow and decrease swelling.
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Moist Heat- Increases blood flow, soft tissue flexibility, tissue length, relaxes muscles and decreases joint stiffness.
Paraffin- Used for heating distal extremities, and irregular surfaces.
Ice- Controls inflammation, pain & edema, reduces muscle spasms.
Ice Massage- Direct localized application of ice to the skin for 8-10 minutes to decrease pain and inflammation. l.
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